Breastmilk composition is remarkably diverse, thanks to the scientific researchers’ intelligence, there are currently about 200 HMOs have been identified from breastmilk samples, out of which about 20 HMOs can be quantified.
HMO diversity is measured by the abundance, types & the unique structures of HMO. A more diverse blend of HMOs is moving closer to the precision of breastmilk composition structure.
Diversity index of 20 types predominant HMOs is 1.68#
| # | According to 5 studies (Austin 2016, Sprenger 2017, Samuel 2019, Austin 2019, Lefebvre 2020), a total of 20 types of HMO was quantified in samples from after birth >21 days to <12 months. Total quantity is 7.2g/L with a Shannon-Wiener Index of 1.68. |
| + | 1 HMO refers to formula with 2‘-Fucosyllactose (2’-FL) 2 HMOs refer to formula with 2‘-Fucosyllactose (2’-FL) and Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 6 HMOs refer to formula with 2’-Fucosyllactose (2’-FL), Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), Difucosyllactose (DFL) , Lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), 3‘-Sialyllactose (3’-SL) and 6’-Sialyllactose (6’-SL). |
Gut BarrierA healthy gut barrier helps to block pathogens from entering the body, is the first line of defence in immunity1
Unhealthy gut barrier |
Healthy gut barrier |
 PathogensClinically proven, MOS contributes to a healthy gut barrier2. |
|
Gut MicrobiotaIncreasing the beneficial bacteria in the gut microbiota supports gut health3
Formula without 2HMOs/MOS |
Formula with 2HMOs/MOS |
Pathogens  Beneficial bacteriaClinically proven, 2 HMOs & MOS promote a microbiota similar to breastfed infants.4,5^ |
|
Immune FunctionThe bioactive antibody (slgA) plays a key role in gastrointestinal immune function.6
Formula without MOS |
Formula with MOS |
 slgAClinically proven, babies taking products containing MOS, the level of the bioactive body (slgA) was found to be doubled In babies’ fecal samples.4^ 2 HMOs & MOS help foster immune function.2,7 |
|
Clinically proven that babies consuming formula with 2 HMOs* (2’-FL and LNnT) were found to have significantly reduced reporting of the below:
Breastmilk Studies found that:
Clinically proven that babies consuming formula with MOS had: 2^**
| # | 2’-Fucosyllactose (2’-FL), Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) (types of HMO, not from human milk |
| ** | MOS refers to Milk Oligosaccharides |
| ^ | Compared with control group |
| 1. | Anderson RC et al. Colitis. 2012. DOI: 10.5772/25753. |
| 2. | Estorninos E et al. Abstract presented at the FASEB Science Research Conferences Nutritional Immunology and the Microbiota: Rules of Engagement in Health and Disease. 24-29 June 2018, Virginia, USA. |
| 3. | O’Neill et al. Emerging Topics in Life Sciences. 2017;1:333-349. |
| 4. | Estorninos E et al. JPGN. 2019;58(1):999. |
| 5. | Steenhout P et al. FASEBJ. 2016;30(Suppl 1):275-277. |
| 6. | Bakker-Zierikzee AM et al. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2006;17:134-140. |
| 7. | Puccio G et al. JPGN. 2017;64(4):624-631. |
| 8. | Cho S et al. A positive correlation between breast milk 3’-Sialyllactose and language development during early infancy. 2020. Abstract at the 6th WCPGHAN , June 2020, Copenhagen, Denmark. |
| 9. | Berger PK et al. PloS one. 2020;15(2):e0228323. |
Breast milk is the best for babies and provides the best nutrition and protection from illness for your baby. For most infants, breast milk is all that is needed for the first 6 months. Many mothers continue to breast-feed after 6 months and then give other foods as well. For advice on breast-feeding, consult your doctor or any other health professional, or a friend or relative who has successfully breastfed. Frequent feeding is the best way to establish and maintain a good milk supply. A well balanced diet, both during pregnancy and after delivery, also helps sustain and adequate supply of breast milk.
Your baby can still receive the benefits of breast milk even if you go out to work. Partial breast-feeding is better that bottle-feeding completely, so continue to breast-feed even if you have been advised to give other foods. If you sleep with your baby, he will breast-feed during the night without disturbing you. Before you leave home in the morning and again when you return, breast-feed your baby. When mixed feeding, always offer the breast before giving other foods.
Remember: Breast milk is the best and most economical food for your baby.
The use of foods which are not intended for young babies can be harmful. Unnecessary introduction of partial bottle-feeding or other foods and drinks, will have a negative effect on breast-feeding. Therefore, always consult a health professional before introducing anything other than breast milk.
If a doctor or other health professional recommends a supplement to breast-feeding, or its replacement, during the first 6 months, it is preferable to use an infant formula meeting recognized quality standards.
When used correctly this supplies the nutritional needs of your baby in an easily digestible form. You will need more than 450 g per week if your baby is only bottle-fed, so keep your family circumstances and costs in mind before deciding whether to use infant formula.
As soon as your baby is old enough, feed infant formula with a cup and spoon.